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1) Mention the responsibilities of the Test Manager? Role of QA Manager includes • • • • • • • • • • • •
Manage project initiation through closure Test planning Obtain customer acceptance on the deliverables Approve intermediate deliverables and patch release to the client For off-shore Testing monitor processes Submit inputs for billing of effort Issue Management Mentoring, coaching and off-shore team management Submit reports for weekly status to the test coordinators Participating in weekly review meetings Publish KPIs for all off-shore testing projects on a weekly basis Resource mobilization for projects
2) Mention what are your approach if you find that the testers in your organization is performing test on the deliverable even after significant defect have been identified? As a QA Lead your approach should be • • • • •
Acceptance criteria should be tightened Test cases should be re-evaluated More test cases should be added if possible, with equivalence class partition cases and boundary values With invalid condition, more test cases should be added Stop criteria required to be modified
3) Mention what is requirement traceability matrix? Requirement Traceability Matrix is a tool that ensures that through-out the whole development process. It is used for the following reason • • •
To know whether the development projects has met the requirements of the user To meet all the requirements given by the user To ensure that all the application requirement can be fulfilled in the verification process
4) Mention what is the difference between Beta and Pilot testing?
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A Beta Testing is referred when the product is going to release to the end users whereas pilot testing is referred for the product when it is in the earlier phase of the development cycle. In beta testing application is given to a few users to ensure that application meet the user requirement and does not consist any showstopper whereas in case of pilot testing team member gives their feedback to improve the quality of the application.
5) Mention what are some key challenges of software testing? Key challenges of software testing include • • • • • • • •
Always Testing should be under time constraint Understanding the requirements Application should be stable enough to be tested Setting priorities for testing Lack of skilled testers Regression testing Requirements changing Lack of tools, resource, and training
6) Mention what is a Test Plan? Test plan is a document describing the activities and the testing scope. It is the basic requirement before testing any software product. 7) Mention what types of test plan and what does the testing level test plan include? There are three main plan Master Test Plan, Testing level specific Test Plan and Testing type specific test plans. Testing level test plan includes • • •
Unit test plan Integration test plan System test plan Page 2|6
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Acceptance test plan
8) Explain how testing is affected by Object-Oriented designs? Well-designed object-oriented can make it easier to trace from code to internal design to functional design to requirements. 9) Mention what is ‘configuration management’? ‘Configuration Management’ covers the processes used to co-ordinate, control and track: code, requirements, documentation, problems, designs, change requests, designs etc. 10) Explain how do distribute multi-tier environment affect testing? Most current software being tested includes distributed and multi-tier applications which can be highly complex due to the multiple dependencies among systems, hardware and servers, data communications. Therefore, testing requirements can be extensive. When time is, less a focus on integration and system can be considered. 11) Mention what is informal reviews? Informal reviews are implemented many times during the early stages of the life cycle of the document. These reviews often include more people and a meeting. The purpose of the informal review is to keep the author and enhance the quality of the document. Informal reviews are not documented. 12) Mention what are the risk to be avoided while testing? The risk that has to be avoided while testing includes • • •
Missing the deadline Exceed the project budget Loose the customer trust
13) Mention what are the counter measures that test manager should take against risks? Test manager must take following steps to mitigate the risk while developing product • • • •
Avoidance: Eliminate the risk factor that is involved Reduction: Mitigate plan to decrease the impact of risks and to take correct measures Sharing: Transfer the risk to other resource such as insource or insure Accept: Accept the risk and prepare a plan budget for this risks
14) Explain how test manager can estimate the project and what to estimate?
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While carrying out the project, mainly test manager has to estimate four things Cost, Resources, Human Skills and Time. They can estimate the project in following ways • • •
Work breakdown structure (WBS): Breaking down project into smaller segments Three-point estimation: Three-point estimation is based on statistical data Functional point method: Give weightage to each function and measure the size
15) Mention what is three-point estimation? In the three-point estimation, three values are initially produced for every task based on previous experience. For example, to complete a specific what are the different possibilities • • •
Best case estimate: 120 man hours or 15 days with experienced team members The most likely estimate: 170 hours or 21 days with enough resources and team members experience The worst-case estimate: 200 man hours or 25 days and with a lesser work experience
16) Mention some of the best practices for test estimation? Some of the best practices for Test Estimation is • • • •
Add some buffer time: Having a buffer time is always an advantage, it may help to deal with a delay caused due to unexpected reason like talented member quits the job suddenly, Account resource planning in estimation: Make sure that your estimation is realistic, and considered important factors like availability of human resource, resource planning, Use the past experience reference: Through your past experience try to avoid all the obstacles or possible hindrance that are most likely to happen Stick to your estimation: Estimation is not full proof, it may go wrong also. In the early phase of the project, you should re-check the test estimation and if required make modification as well.
17) Explain what does a good test report should include in it? A good test report should include • • • •
Project Information Test Objective Test Summary Defect
18) List out some of the software quality assurance best practice? Some of the best practices for software Quality Assurance includes • •
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Tool usage and experience Metrics Team work and shared responsibility for SQA
19) By what factors you can determine the quality of the test execution? Two ways can determine the quality of test execution • •
Defect rejection ratio: (No. of defects rejected/ total no. of defects raised) X 100 Defect leakage ratio: (No. of defect missed/total defects of software) X 100
20) Explain what is manual support testing and manual scripted testing? •
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Manual support testing: It is conducted by test team. It is a testing that includes testing of all the functions performed by the people while preparing the data and using these data from an automated Manual scripted testing: Manual testing team does it. It is a method in which the test cases are reviewed and designed by the team before executing it.
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